Third Conditional in English Grammar

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First Conditional

First Conditional in English Grammar

The third conditional in action – English grammar

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First Conditional in English Grammar

First Conditional in English Grammar

What is the third conditional (past unreal) in English grammar?

Daily grammar lesson with Elo Kasia. When do we use the third conditional (past unreal)? Easy explanation with plenty of examples.

 What are conditional sentences?

Conditional sentences are used to talk about events and their results and are made of two clauses, the condition clause and the main (result) clause.

The four main types of conditional sentences are factual conditional ( The 0 conditional ), possible conditional (Type 1 conditional ), present unreal conditional ( Type 2 conditional ) and past unreal conditional ( Type 3 conditional ).

Conditional Forms

1. Factual conditional (zero conditional) / Form: Present Simple — Present Simple
2. Possible conditional (first conditional) / Form: Present Simple — will + verb
3. Present unreal conditional (second conditional) / Form: Past Simple — would + verb
4. Past unreal conditional (third conditional) / Form: Past Perfect — would have +Past Participle

 What is the third conditional (past unreal/hypothetical)?

If I had studied harder, I would have passed my exams. (I didn’t study and I didn’t pass, but if it had been different…)

 

 

 

They wouldn’t have had the accident if they hadn’t driven so fast. (They drove fast and they had the accident)

As you can see, you can change the order od the sentences without changing the meaning. The clauses in the conditional sentences can be positive or negative.

 Form of third conditional

We make the third conditional by using the past perfect after ‘if’ and then ‘would have’ and the past participle in the second part of the sentence:

• l If + past perfect, …would / could / might + have + Past Participle (V3)

 Have a look at these examples:

• If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn’t have missed the plane.
• She wouldn’t have been tired if she had gone to bed earlier.
• She would have become a teacher if she had gone to university.
• We wouldn’t have been in this mess I you had told us the truth from the beginning.
• If they hadn’t lost their keys, they would have been able to get into the house.
• I would have taken a photo if I had brought my camera with me.
• I wouldn’t have left my job if I hadn’t fallen out with my boss.
• He would have died if the ambulance hadn’t arrived quickly.
• I would have had more time if I had left the house earlier.
• I wouldn’t have gone out if him if I had known he was married.
• If I had had more money, I would have gone on the world trip with my friends.
• If James had worked harder, he would have won the prize.

Compare these two sentences:

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third Conditional in English Grammar

Third Conditional in English Grammar

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